Read Better, Not More
V5 · advanced filterQwen3.5 9B
Gaokao English · 2017—2026

Read Better,
Not More高考英语高频高阶阅读词汇图谱

把“背得多”改成“读得准”:从 278 篇已切分篇章中,筛出反复出现、能改变句内关系的词族与短语。先看信号,再回到原句。

278已切分阅读篇章 / passages
95,103英文词元 / tokens
60高频高阶词族 / word families
15逻辑短语 / phrase patterns
64%Confirmed 题源证据 / 177 篇
Highlights

Find the signal before the noise

三个视图先回答三个问题:哪些篇章状态可以信?年份分布是否稳定?哪些阅读功能最值得先练?

Evidence status

题源证据状态 · 数量越高,表示当前库中记录越多

Confirmed · 已确认177
Probable · 基本可信3
Unresolved · 待查97
Needs review · 待复核1

Corpus by year

每年已切分篇章数 · 2026 年优先看,旧年用于检验迁移

28
2017
33
2018
24
2019
40
2020
33
2021
37
2022
33
2023
24
2024
17
2025
9
2026

Reading modules

模块平均优先分 · 用于安排先后,不等于官方难度

Mind & evaluation认知、心理与评价 · 14项70.6
Science & the world科学、环境与技术 · 13项66.2
Systems & society系统、公共议题与组织 · 12项66.0
Change & consequence变化、影响与机制 · 11项61.7
Evidence & inquiry证据、研究与结论 · 8项59.6
Argument & stance论证、限定与立场 · 17项58.3
Advanced screen · V5

Fewer basics. More semantic load.

面向将要高考的优等生,本版不再把“出现过”当作“值得优先背”。词项和短语必须同时通过复现、跨篇、跨年和复杂度四道门。

01 · Recurrence≥ 3 次

先进入主池,再看它是否跨越多个题材重复出现。

02 · Document spread≥ 2 篇

一次性专名和偶然例子不进入核心排序。

03 · Semantic load≥ 82

抽象名词、学术构词和关系动词获得更高权重。

04 · Year spread跨 2 年+

跨年出现才值得迁移到下一篇陌生文章。

60 个高阶词项15 个高阶短语60 个严格词项15 个严格短语5 个 Precision 精读项
Figure 06 · Legacy source baseline

Recurring high-frequency sources

沿用旧版来源家族统计:只刷新例证,不重算图中数字。每个来源展示最多 3 条当前证据表中的近年例证,帮助学生看到“来源 → 题材 → 语言”之间的连续关系。

Scientific American 《科学美国人》10
2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 4 · Arctic Lakes Are Disappearing Fast, and Scientists Are Just Figuring Out Why · 0.99
2024 · 北京卷 · C · Stop Asking If the Universe Is a Computer Simulation · 0.98
2022 · 上海卷 · 未知 · Can Humans and Nature Coexist? · 0.99
NPR 《美国国家公共电台》10
2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · B · What's it like to have Frank Lloyd Wright design your house? This 101-year-old knows · 0.98
2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · B · San Francisco's transit system is dispensing short stories to commuters · 0.99
2023 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · D · No Man Is An Island: The Wisdom Of Deliberating Crowds · 0.99
National Geographic 《国家地理》7
2023 · 全国甲卷 · D · Grizzlies are coming back. But can we make room for them? · 0.99
2022 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · B · A Four-Word Remedy for Food Waste: Toss Less, Salvage More · 0.99
2021 · 全国甲卷 · D · Genius Takes Many Forms. It's Time We Recognized Them All. · 0.99
TIME 《时代周刊》6
2020 · 上海卷 · 未知 · With a Little Help, You Too Can Write a Young-Adult Novel · 0.99
2020 · 浙江卷 · B · How Smart Traffic Lights Could Transform Your Commute · 0.99
2018 · 浙江卷 · B · Paper, Plastic Or Neither · 0.99
The Guardian 《卫报》6
2023 · 浙江卷 · C · Machines may beat us in debate, but will they ever have the human touch? · 0.95
2021 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · C · Teacher who won $1m will use windfall to get artists into schools · 0.90
2021 · 浙江卷 · B · Need to get children outdoors? How to escape those iPad screens · 0.98
The Conversation 《对话》5
2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · C · Why we learn more from reading – especially print – than from audio or video · 0.97
2022 · 上海卷 · C · Should writers be paid for their e-books lent by libraries? · 0.99
2018 · 上海卷 · C · The most important thing you're not discussing with your doctor · 0.98
The Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》4
2021 · 上海卷 · 未知 · The simple question about self-driving cars that we still can’t answer · 0.99
2021 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · D · Even cowboy jobs may not be safe from robots · 0.99
2020 · 上海卷 · 未知 · ‘Clean Eating’ Is a Fuzzy Term — and That’s Why It Works · 0.98
The Christian Science Monitor 《基督教科学箴言报》3
2019 · 新高考3卷 · D · Monkeys can do math, say scientists · 0.99
2018 · 新高考3卷 · D · From too much to just enough: The simple joys of a minimalist childhood · 0.98
2018 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · C · Teens reading for fun is on the decline, says report · 0.99
The New York Times 《纽约时报》3
2022 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · C · Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer · 0.95
2020 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · C · How does race walking compare to running? · 0.97
2020 · 江苏卷 · B · The Red Phone Box, a British Icon, Stages a Comeback · 0.98
Penguin 《企鹅出版》3
2025 · 北京卷 · C · Shift: Managing Your Emotions So They Don't Manage You (official sample) · 0.96
2023 · 全国乙卷 · 未知 · A History of the World in 100 Objects · 0.90
2020 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · B · Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia · 0.98

统计数字固定为旧版口径:Scientific American 10、NPR 10、National Geographic 7、TIME 6、The Guardian 6、The Conversation 5、The Washington Post 4、The Christian Science Monitor 3、The New York Times 3、Penguin 3。数字是来源家族记录数,不是媒体质量排名,也不是命题概率。

Advanced priority · 01—10

High-frequency, high-load words

先从前 10 个开始:它们在更高复杂度门槛下仍保持复现,适合优等生先做精读而不是泛背。点击表格的“展开”查看 Qwen 注解和近年原句。

01

environmental

科学、环境与技术

41 次30 篇8 年
100.0
02

technological

科学、环境与技术

64 次33 篇10 年
100.0
03

interaction

系统、公共议题与组织

21 次13 篇7 年
93.4
04

organizational

系统、公共议题与组织

19 次12 篇6 年
90.1
05

behavioral

认知、心理与评价

15 次11 篇6 年
86.0
06

attention

认知、心理与评价

16 次11 篇7 年
85.1
07

intelligence

认知、心理与评价

15 次10 篇7 年
83.4
08

imagination

认知、心理与评价

12 次10 篇6 年
81.9
09

emissions

科学、环境与技术

18 次10 篇7 年
81.8
10

responsibility

系统、公共议题与组织

10 次10 篇6 年
80.8
显示 60 个词族
#Word familyModule次数篇章年份覆盖PriorityGuide
01environmentalenvironmental · environment科学、环境与技术4130810.8%100.0
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句内核心义

环境的;环保的

阅读功能

作定语修饰全球议题或生态实体,界定问题发生的物理背景

自问

该词是否限定了讨论范围在自然或人造环境系统内?

搭配检查

常与pollution, protection, impact搭配,语气客观描述状态

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · DIn a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes - then filtering it after it cools - could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · ASchedule of Programming 17 July 18 July Time Activities Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 July…

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · ASchedule of Programming 17 JulyTime Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 18 JulyTime Activities 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 JulyTim…

02technologicaltechnological · technology · technologies科学、环境与技术64331011.9%100.0
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句内核心义

技术的;科技的

阅读功能

修饰创新手段或工具属性,暗示效率提升或范式转移

自问

此处是否指代改变生产方式或生活方式的技术力量?

搭配检查

多与advancement, breakthrough, integration连用,强调变革性

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · DBarcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · DIn a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes - then filtering it after it cools - could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CAudio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies - say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.

03interactioninteraction · interactions · interactioned · interactioning系统、公共议题与组织211374.7%93.4
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句内核心义

互动;交互

阅读功能

描述系统内要素间的动态联系,揭示非线性的影响路径

自问

前后分句是否展示了双向或多向的相互影响关系?

搭配检查

常接with, between, among,需关注互动的频率与深度

Unresolved2024 · 北京卷 · DDishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DThey surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · CMeaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.

04organizationalorganizational · organization · organizations系统、公共议题与组织191264.3%90.1
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句内核心义

组织的;机构的

阅读功能

界定社会单元的结构属性,暗示层级、规则或管理逻辑

自问

该词是否指向具有特定职能或内部结构的集体实体?

搭配检查

搭配structure, efficiency, culture,侧重制度性特征

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · BHe co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings.

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · CYou can't get all of this through a homeschool program, unless you consult with a wide variety of other organizations.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · DConservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities-and now there are guidelines for solar farms.

05behavioralbehavioral · behavioural · behavior · behaviour认知、心理与评价151164.0%86.0
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句内核心义

行为的;行为学的

阅读功能

描述可观测的外在表现,关联内在动机与外部刺激

自问

此处是否指代受心理因素驱动的具体行动模式?

搭配检查

常与pattern, change, modification连用,强调可变性

Unresolved2024 · 全国甲卷 · BDogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch.

Unresolved2024 · 北京卷 · DDishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · CThe brain's functionally different sections communicate with each other through synapses- connections between nerve(神经)cells.Scientists have found that synapses grow or die away, depending on how much they are used to process information, The good news is tha…

06attentionattention · attentions · attentioned · attentioning认知、心理与评价161174.0%85.1
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句内核心义

注意力

阅读功能

作为认知资源被分配或争夺,决定信息处理的优先级

自问

主体是否将有限认知资源聚焦于特定对象或任务?

搭配检查

搭配pay, divide, capture, demand,体现资源的稀缺性

Unresolved2024 · 全国甲卷 · BIf a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.

Unresolved2022 · 北京卷 · D“What's new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.” As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all,…

Confirmed2021 · 浙江卷 · CChimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate.

07intelligenceintelligence · intelligences · intelligenced · intelligencing认知、心理与评价151073.6%83.4
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句内核心义

智力;智能

阅读功能

概括处理信息、解决问题及适应环境的综合认知能力

自问

该词是否指代超越单一技能的复杂思维潜能?

搭配检查

常与artificial, emotional, cultural搭配,区分类型

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DGiven the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · CAnd that's why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.

Confirmed2022 · 北京卷 · CBut using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals-and that the vast majority are not known.

08imaginationimagination · imaginations · imaginationed · imaginationing认知、心理与评价121063.6%81.9
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句内核心义

想象力

阅读功能

驱动创造性思维,构建非现实情境或未来可能性

自问

此处是否涉及突破常规、构想新方案的心理活动?

搭配检查

搭配stimulate, foster, lack,强调其生成性作用

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · 无There's something magical about the way imagination works.

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · 无There's something magical about the way imagination works.

Confirmed2021 · 天津卷 · C"It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness." The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January.

09emissionsemissions · emissionss · emissionsed · emissionsing科学、环境与技术181073.6%81.8
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句内核心义

排放物;排放量

阅读功能

量化人类活动对环境的物质输出,作为污染指标

自问

该词是否指代导致环境负荷增加的特定物质释放?

搭配检查

搭配reduce, control, greenhouse gases,侧重负面效应

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · C“If we lowered emissions significantly, trees would not be a problem,” said lead author Dandan Wei.

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · AThe greening of planes, trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · CMoreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.

10responsibilityresponsibility · responsibilities · responsibilitied · responsibilitying系统、公共议题与组织101063.6%80.8
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句内核心义

责任;职责

阅读功能

界定道德义务或制度要求,约束个体或集体的行为边界

自问

主体是否因角色或契约而必须承担某种后果?

搭配检查

搭配share, assume, neglect,强调义务的强制性

Unresolved2025 · 浙江卷 · B“It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy f…

Confirmed2022 · 北京卷 · CMore researchers, policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach.

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · DMost people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world.

11adaptadapt · adapts · adapted · adapting · adaptation变化、影响与机制251053.6%79.7
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句内核心义

适应

阅读功能

描述为应对环境变化而调整自身状态或策略的过程

自问

主体是否通过改变来匹配新的外部条件?

搭配检查

常与to, to new conditions连用,体现动态平衡

Confirmed2024 · 全国甲卷 · 未知Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.

Unresolved2024 · 浙江卷 · AIt is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · ANot surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging.

12phenomenonphenomenon · phenomena证据、研究与结论111063.6%79.4
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句内核心义

现象

阅读功能

引入可观察的客观事实或规律,作为论证的起点

自问

此处是否指代某种反复出现且可被感知的客观存在?

搭配检查

搭配social, natural, emerging,强调其客观性

Confirmed2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 4A recent example is the phenomenon of disappearing lakes in parts of the frozen treeless Arctic(北极的) region.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CThe phenomenon is known as the derring effect-coming from “deliberate (故意的) erring”-and when applied properly, it may bring benefits in many unexpected areas of life.

Confirmed2023 · 天津卷 · DThe phenomenon is known as the derring effect-coming from “deliberate (故意的) erring”-and when applied properly, it may bring benefits in many unexpected areas of life.

13psychologicalpsychological · psychology认知、心理与评价10862.9%75.5
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句内核心义

心理的;心理学的

阅读功能

关联内在精神活动,解释行为背后的情感或认知机制

自问

该词是否指向意识、情绪或非理性的思维过程?

搭配检查

搭配health, factor, barrier,侧重内在成因

Unresolved2025 · 浙江卷 · BAccording to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more.

Confirmed2024 · 北京卷 · CIf empirical (实证的) experience fails to reveal reality, reasoning won't reveal reality either since it relies on concepts and words that are contingent on our social, cultural and psychological histories.

Confirmed2022 · 浙江卷 · C“People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer”, says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin.

14consumptionconsumption · consumptions · consumptioned · consumptioning系统、公共议题与组织11852.9%74.0
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句内核心义

消费

阅读功能

描述资源获取与使用的经济行为,反映需求结构

自问

此处是否指代商品或服务的使用及其资源消耗?

搭配检查

搭配pattern, reduce, over-, sustainable,关注可持续性

Unresolved2024 · 浙江卷 · DTherefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知The numbers show the United States has not intensified resource consumption since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and population, said Jesse Ausubel of the Rockefeller University.

Unresolved2022 · 北京卷 · 无Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.

15curiositycuriosity · curiosities · curiositied · curiositying认知、心理与评价9862.9%73.6
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句内核心义

好奇心

阅读功能

作为内在驱动力,激发探索未知或解决难题的意愿

自问

主体是否因对未知的渴望而主动采取行动?

搭配检查

搭配spark, fuel, satisfy,强调其启动作用

Unresolved2026 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · BIt is not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them--the curiosity ( 好 奇 心 ) and the 3 appetite.

Unresolved2022 · 北京卷 · DFor decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity.

Confirmed2022 · 浙江卷 · B" Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity.

16associationassociation · associations · associationed · associationing证据、研究与结论8852.9%72.0
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句内核心义

关联;联系

阅读功能

揭示两个或多个概念、事件间存在的逻辑或因果纽带

自问

前后内容是否存在隐含的对应或推导关系?

搭配检查

搭配strong, weak, positive, negative,界定关系性质

Unresolved2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · BFarber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · DAccording to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · C(68) ________ But e-book lending is increasing and, according to the Australian Library and Information Association, e-books are likely to reach 20% of library holdings by 2020.

17revolutionrevolution · revolutions · revolutioned · revolutioning变化、影响与机制8762.5%71.5
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句内核心义

革命

阅读功能

标志根本性的范式转换或社会结构的剧烈重塑

自问

此处是否指代彻底改变原有状态的突破性事件?

搭配检查

搭配industrial, digital, green,强调颠覆性

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DThis absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).

Confirmed2022 · 浙江卷 · B"It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions." writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers, Steam, Electricity, and the Men Invented Modem America.

Confirmed2021 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · CAndria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革).

18innovationinnovation · innovations · innovationed · innovationing变化、影响与机制28642.2%71.4
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句内核心义

创新

阅读功能

描述产生新颖且具价值的思想、方法或产品的过程

自问

该词是否指向区别于传统的创造性产出?

搭配检查

搭配drive, foster, disrupt,侧重价值创造

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · 无Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award.

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · 无Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award.

Unresolved2022 · 上海卷 · 未知Business innovation is an organization's process for introducing new ideas,workflows,methodologies,services or products.Like IT innovation,which calls for using technology in new ways to create a more efficient and agile organization,business innovation shoul…

19motivationmotivation · motivations · motivationed · motivationing认知、心理与评价9752.5%70.1
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句内核心义

动机

阅读功能

解释行为背后的内在需求或外部诱因,驱动决策

自问

主体采取行动的根本原因或心理推力是什么?

搭配检查

搭配intrinsic, extrinsic, lack, boost,区分来源

Confirmed2025 · 北京卷 · CComparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they c…

Confirmed2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 1This directly impacts how our brain processes motivation and willpower.

Unresolved2021 · 北京卷 · AIf you are planning to start a career in the field of education,science,or culture,then an internship(实习) at UNESCO will be ideal for you. Who can apply?  You have completed your full-time university studies;or.  You are studying in a graduate program for a…

20cognitivecognitive · cognition认知、心理与评价9662.2%69.6
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句内核心义

认知的

阅读功能

限定与感知、记忆、思维等高级心理过程相关的属性

自问

该词是否描述大脑处理信息的特定方式或能力?

搭配检查

搭配load, bias, flexibility,侧重功能特性

Confirmed2025 · 天津卷 · DSometimes the limits we encounter in trying to unlock the nature of the universe are cognitive (认知的).

Confirmed2024 · 北京卷 · CModern sciences have revealed that our perceptual experience of the world is the result of many stages of processing by sensory systems and cognitive (认知的) functions in the brain.

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · CIs it true that our brain alone is responsible fo human cognition(认知)?

21awarenessawareness · awarenesss · awarenessed · awarenessing认知、心理与评价11772.5%69.5
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句内核心义

意识

阅读功能

描述对自我、环境或社会问题的觉察与理解程度

自问

主体是否已意识到某事的存在或其重要性?

搭配检查

搭配raise, environmental, social,强调觉醒状态

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DThis is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place.

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · BThe program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.

Confirmed2021 · 北京卷 · DEarly fifth-century philosopher St.Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him.Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it.Today's state-of-the-art atomic(原子的) clo…

22regulationregulation · regulations · regulationed · regulationing系统、公共议题与组织6662.2%67.2
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句内核心义

监管;调节

阅读功能

指代通过规则或机制控制行为、维持系统稳定的过程

自问

此处是否涉及对权力、资源或行为的约束与引导?

搭配检查

搭配policy, self-, global,侧重控制力

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DSuch structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · COccasionally ignore traffic regulations.

Unresolved2021 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · AThese days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities(容量)slightly lower.

23fundamentalfundamental · fundamentals · fundamentaled · fundamentaling论证、限定与立场7742.5%66.4
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句内核心义

根本的;基本的

阅读功能

界定事物的本质属性或不可动摇的基础前提

自问

该词是否指向决定事物性质的核心要素?

搭配检查

搭配reason, principle, truth,强调基础性

Confirmed2025 · 天津卷 · DSometimes the limits we hit are fundamental.

Confirmed2023 · 上海卷 · CAs telescopes like Hubble strive to answer this fundamental question, they encounter a perplexing gap between theoretical predictions and observed data.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · CSuch wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem.

24observationobservation · observations · observationed · observationing证据、研究与结论10642.2%66.0
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句内核心义

观察

阅读功能

描述通过感官或仪器获取信息的具体行为过程

自问

此处是否指代基于直接感知的数据收集活动?

搭配检查

搭配careful, systematic, record,侧重实证性

Confirmed2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 4That is a good example of why - no matter how complex our models are or may one day be - we need direct observation of the natural world.

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · D“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and…

Confirmed2023 · 上海卷 · CHubble's measurements indicate a faster rate of expansion in the modern universe compared to what was expected based on observations of the universe more than 13 billion years ago by the European Space Agency's Planck satellite.

25consequenceconsequence · consequences · consequenced · consequencing变化、影响与机制6652.2%65.0
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句内核心义

后果

阅读功能

预示由特定原因导致的必然结果,常含负面评价

自问

该词是否指向行为或事件引发的后续影响?

搭配检查

搭配unintended, severe, long-term,关注影响性质

Unresolved2025 · 浙江卷 · BAllowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions.

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · CTherefore, what you do with your teenage years could have an effect on the rest of your life, What is important is that learning how synapses grow or die away can help teenagers be better equipped to make more intelligent choices, thus motivating them to take…

Confirmed2021 · 北京卷 · C“Only if we discuss the consequences of our biophysical limits” the December warning letter says, “can we have the hope to reduce their speed, severity and harm”.

26innovativeinnovative · innovatives · innovatived · innovativing变化、影响与机制6652.2%65.0
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句内核心义

创新的

阅读功能

修饰具有新颖性、独创性及实用价值的特征

自问

该事物是否区别于传统模式并带来改进?

搭配检查

搭配thinking, approach, solution,强调优越性

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · DAlvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses- in this case powering electric cars parked nearby.

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · ASchedule of Programming 17 July 18 July Time Activities Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 July…

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · ASchedule of Programming 17 JulyTime Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 18 JulyTime Activities 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 JulyTim…

27commercialcommercial · commercials · commercialed · commercialing系统、公共议题与组织8642.2%64.6
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句内核心义

商业的;贸易的

阅读功能

界定与市场经济活动、利润追求相关的领域或行为

自问

此处是否涉及商品交换、投资或企业运营?

搭配检查

搭配interest, sector, value,侧重经济属性

Unresolved2021 · 天津卷 · CYet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors (行业).

Confirmed2021 · 天津卷 · DArt can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities.

Confirmed2020 · 天津卷 · CHarbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30,000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year.

28deliberatelydeliberately · deliberatelies · deliberatelied · deliberatelying论证、限定与立场7732.5%64.2
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句内核心义

故意地;蓄意地

阅读功能

强调行为的主观意图,排除偶然或无意识因素

自问

该动作是否由明确的计划或目的驱动?

搭配检查

搭配choose, ignore, manipulate,突显主观能动性

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · AAs dawn's first light kissed the earth, Isla deliberately packed away memories of the nigh while Finn, with eager anticipation, wagged ( 摇摆)his tail, eager for the day's melodies.

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · BAs dawn's first light kissed the earth, Isla deliberately packed away memories of the nigh while Finn, with eager anticipation, wagged ( 摇摆)his tail, eager for the day's melodies.

Confirmed2023 · 全国乙卷 · 未知In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write.

29appreciateappreciate · appreciates · appreciated · appreciating认知、心理与评价8742.5%63.9
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句内核心义

欣赏;感激

阅读功能

表达对事物价值的认可或对他人帮助的感谢之情

自问

主体是否因理解价值而产生积极情感反应?

搭配检查

appreciate the value, deeply appreciate,侧重情感深度

Probable2023 · 全国甲卷 · AThis place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.

Confirmed2023 · 天津卷 · CThis is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CThis is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling.

30interpretationinterpretation · interpretations · interpret论证、限定与立场5551.8%61.3
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句内核心义

解释;诠释

阅读功能

对复杂现象或数据提供逻辑自洽的说明与理解框架

自问

此处是否涉及对表面现象背后原因的推导?

搭配检查

offer, provide, alternative interpretation,强调建构性

Unresolved2024 · 全国甲卷 · BThey are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it.

Unresolved2023 · 全国甲卷 · CWeiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知The multi﹣layered element of his work,which marries image and word,allows Nick to explore complex art﹣historical concepts.The text employed is often narrative,which can be read in sequence adding another element of intrigue and interest to the work.This addit…

31recognitionrecognition · recognitions · recognitioned · recognitioning认知、心理与评价5551.8%61.3
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句内核心义

认可;承认

阅读功能

表示对事实、价值或成就的正式确认与接纳

自问

主体是否已接受某事为真或具有正当性?

搭配检查

gain recognition, mutual recognition,侧重社会共识

Confirmed2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 2Much in the same manner, we may over the years recite to ourselves poems learnt by heart long ago, which have become part of our self-recognition.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知PSYCOLOURGY-January 2015 Lawrence Alkin Gallery,London Smith's debut solo exhibition with Lawrence Alkin Gallery in Soho,London,launched his unique visual reworking of classic paintings from the 20th Century canon.Universally known works,including David Hockn…

Unresolved2021 · 天津卷 · CSpeech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response.

32crucialcrucial · crucials · crucialed · crucialing论证、限定与立场6642.2%60.1
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句内核心义

至关重要的

阅读功能

标示某要素在整体成功或逻辑链条中的决定性地位

自问

若无此要素,结论是否无法成立或系统失效?

搭配检查

be crucial to, play a crucial role,强调必要性

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · CIn this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level.

Confirmed2023 · 上海卷 · CThe Planck satellite, which maps the cosmic microwave background - a remnant of the universe's early stages - provides crucial data for understanding the universe's expansion.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知Each P﹣series,such as Psycolourgy 2015,Purgatory 2019,explores complicatedly researched concepts,which are always the crucial starting point for each new series of work.Producing large﹣scale works to micro﹣chip collages,and multiple sell out print editions,Ni…

33advocateadvocate · advocates · advocated · advocating论证、限定与立场6642.2%59.3
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句内核心义

倡导;提倡

阅读功能

公开支持某种观点、政策或行动,呼吁他人采纳

自问

主体是否在积极推广某种特定立场或方案?

搭配检查

advocate for, strongly advocate,体现主动性

Confirmed2025 · 北京卷 · CThe teenager was advocating for her right to scroll (翻屏) for an extra 30 minutes.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CFew would advocate making intentional mistakes, however.

Confirmed2023 · 天津卷 · DFew would advocate making intentional mistakes, however.

34alternativealternative · alternatives · alternatived · alternativing论证、限定与立场5541.8%59.2
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句内核心义

替代的;另类的

阅读功能

提供不同于常规或现有方案的可选路径

自问

此处是否指代解决同一问题的不同方法?

搭配检查

alternative solution, viable alternative,强调选择性

Unresolved2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · BHe became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知Co-author Dr Maria Carolina Borges said: “The lack of solid evidence on the health effects of ASBs and the potential influence of bias from industry funded studies should be taken seriously when discussing whether ASBs are (48) ________ alternatives to SSBs (…

Unresolved2022 · 北京卷 · 无It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG).

35conventionalconventional · conventionals · conventionaled · conventionaling论证、限定与立场5541.8%59.2
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句内核心义

传统的;常规的

阅读功能

描述长期存在、被广泛接受但可能过时的模式

自问

该词是否指代与‘创新’或‘变革’相对立的现状?

搭配检查

conventional wisdom, conventional approach,暗示局限性

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · DThey consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes.

Unresolved2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · BFarber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.

Confirmed2020 · 北京卷 · BConventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in the air.

36apparentapparent · apparents · apparented · apparenting论证、限定与立场6632.2%58.7
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句内核心义

明显的;显而易见的

阅读功能

标示事实或特征无需深究即可被直接感知

自问

该现象是否无需复杂推理即可被察觉?

搭配检查

apparent contradiction, apparent lack,强调直观性

Confirmed2023 · 上海卷 · 未知But now that information about every medical condition imaginable is just a few clicks away, experts are asking whether doctors' apparent (42) _____ when communicating with their patients actually does more harm than good.

Unresolved2023 · 全国甲卷 · CThe Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CEither way, your apparent missteps will have moved you a little closer to true mastery.

37ecosystemecosystem · ecosystems · ecosystemed · ecosysteming科学、环境与技术5551.8%58.6
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句内核心义

生态系统

阅读功能

界定生物群落与其环境间相互作用的复杂整体

自问

此处是否指代包含生产者、消费者及环境的系统?

搭配检查

balance, fragile, restore,侧重整体性

Confirmed2025 · 浙江卷 · CIn a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.

Unresolved2023 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · BLittle by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.

Confirmed2021 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CYou've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans-between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.

38capacitycapacity · capacities · capacitied · capacitying系统、公共议题与组织11431.4%58.4
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句内核心义

能力;容量

阅读功能

描述系统或个体执行任务、容纳资源的上限或潜力

自问

主体是否具备完成某事所需的条件或空间?

搭配检查

production capacity, carrying capacity,界定边界

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CThe application of TMS to the brain described in Paragraph 5 leads to raised memory capacity enhanced painting skills changed artistic taste improved decision-making ability According to the author, what increases our enjoyment of a piece of art?

Confirmed2022 · 天津卷 · CThe researchers have found that an elephant could do the same thanks to its huge nostrils (鼻孔) and lung capacity.

Confirmed2021 · 上海卷 · 未知Although not a carbon﹣free source,natural gas has a transformative role to play in the energizing of developing nations.Abundantly available around the world,and more transportable than ever,a world natural gas market is creating a more stable,affordable supp…

39widespreadwidespread · widespreads · widespreaded · widespreading科学、环境与技术5551.8%58.1
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句内核心义

广泛的;普遍的

阅读功能

修饰现象或影响的覆盖范围,强调普遍性而非局部性

自问

该特征是否跨越不同区域、群体或时间存在?

搭配检查

widespread acceptance, widespread concern,强调广度

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · CAlthough these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.

Unresolved2022 · 北京卷 · 无Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.

Confirmed2021 · 北京卷 · CResearchers in many areas have projected the widespread collapse as “a credible scenario(情景) this century”.

40objectiveobjective · objectives · objectived · objectiving论证、限定与立场5541.8%57.9
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句内核心义

客观的;目标

阅读功能

描述不受主观偏见影响的事实状态或研究立场

自问

此处是否指代中立、可验证的数据或观点?

搭配检查

objective evidence, objective analysis,强调公正性

Confirmed2024 · 北京卷 · CWhile he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.

Unresolved2022 · 上海卷 · 未知The purpose of the business innovation process is to create value for the organization.That value can come from creating new revenue opportunities or driving more revenue through existing channels;from creating efficiencies that save time,money or both;or fro…

Confirmed2022 · 北京卷 · CThis shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking - which,in this example, is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system.

41perceptionperception · perceptions · perceptioned · perceptioning认知、心理与评价5531.8%57.0
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句内核心义

感知

阅读功能

描述个体对外界刺激的主观解释与心理加工过程

自问

该词是否指代不同于客观事实的主观体验?

搭配检查

public perception, distorted perception,区分主客观

Confirmed2024 · 北京卷 · CWhile he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions.

Confirmed2023 · 天津卷 · CArt is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CArt is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning.

42renewablerenewable · renewables · renewabled · renewabling科学、环境与技术6441.4%56.6
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句内核心义

可再生的

阅读功能

修饰能自然恢复或循环利用的资源,强调可持续性

自问

该资源使用后是否能在不耗尽的情况下再生?

搭配检查

renewable energy, renewable resources,侧重环保

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · AThis energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知And they would get their energy from renewables and natural gas.

Confirmed2021 · 上海卷 · 未知Although not a carbon﹣free source,natural gas has a transformative role to play in the energizing of developing nations.Abundantly available around the world,and more transportable than ever,a world natural gas market is creating a more stable,affordable supp…

43evolutionevolution · evolutions · evolutioned · evolutioning变化、影响与机制7431.4%56.4
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句内核心义

进化;演变

阅读功能

描述随时间推移发生的渐进式变化与发展过程

自问

此处是否指代由简单到复杂、由低级到高级的历程?

搭配检查

evolution of technology, biological evolution,强调历时性

Confirmed2022 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · D”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evol…

Confirmed2021 · 浙江卷 · CDr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language.

Unresolved2020 · 天津卷 · DMany people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide.

44sustainablesustainable · sustainables · sustainabled · sustainabling科学、环境与技术6441.4%56.4
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句内核心义

可持续的

阅读功能

评估发展模式能否在满足当前需求的同时不损害未来

自问

该方案是否兼顾了当代利益与长远生存能力?

搭配检查

sustainable development, sustainable growth,核心是平衡

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · AOne long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air.

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CThe second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.

Confirmed2019 · 上海卷 · ABut only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they're doing all they can [to ease congestion.]” But it also ___45___ a better way, it is called “detourism”: sustainable travel tips an ___46___ itineraries for e…

45identityidentity · identities · identitied · identitying认知、心理与评价7431.4%55.6
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句内核心义

身份;认同

阅读功能

界定个体或群体在社会结构中的定位与自我认知

自问

该词是否涉及‘我是谁’或‘我们是谁’的归属问题?

搭配检查

cultural identity, national identity,侧重归属感

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · DFor many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values, beliefs, goals and social roles.

Unresolved2019 · 北京卷 · CThat might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications-using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to yo…

Confirmed2019 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies-like fingerprint scans-to keep others out of private e-spaces.

46interpersonalinterpersonal · interpersonals · interpersonaled · interpersonaling认知、心理与评价6431.4%55.4
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句内核心义

人际的

阅读功能

描述人与人之间的社会交往、情感联系及互动模式

自问

此处是否涉及个体间的情感交流或社会关系?

搭配检查

interpersonal skills, interpersonal conflict,强调关系性

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · AInterpersonal skills At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others.

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · CIf you know you're physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.

Unresolved2021 · 北京卷 · AIf you are planning to start a career in the field of education,science,or culture,then an internship(实习) at UNESCO will be ideal for you. Who can apply?  You have completed your full-time university studies;or.  You are studying in a graduate program for a…

47conservationconservation · conservations · conservationed · conservationing科学、环境与技术5431.4%54.4
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句内核心义

保护;保存

阅读功能

指代采取措施防止自然或文化遗产遭受破坏与流失

自问

主体是否致力于维持某物的原有状态或完整性?

搭配检查

conservation efforts, biodiversity conservation,侧重维护

Confirmed2023 · 全国甲卷 · DBoth efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · DConservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities-and now there are guidelines for solar farms.

Confirmed2021 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CAbout 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System - a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available…

48integrateintegrate · integrates · integrated · integrating · integration系统、公共议题与组织5431.4%53.4
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句内核心义

整合;结合

阅读功能

描述将不同部分、系统或理念融合为统一整体的过程

自问

此处是否涉及多要素的协同与有机统一?

搭配检查

integrate data, integrate systems,强调系统性

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · ATo be successful in college you'll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers.

Confirmed2022 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · BBut that didn't stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.

Confirmed2019 · 上海卷 · AIf they're coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.” Local governments can foster this sustainable activity by giving preference to responsible operator and even high-paying consumers.

49proportionproportion · proportions · proportioned · proportioning证据、研究与结论4431.4%53.1
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句内核心义

比例;份额

阅读功能

量化部分与整体或两个量之间的相对关系

自问

该词是否用于表达数量对比或结构分布?

搭配检查

proportion of, in proportion to,侧重数学关系

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · CIn fact, the department has already reduced the proportion of oaks it plants in favor of a more diverse mix, mainly to protect against pests.

Unresolved2020 · 天津卷 · AYour photograph should be a portrait image in proportion(比例)to a 6"x4" portrait photograph.

Confirmed2018 · 上海卷 · 未知That is, if they had landed the same number of fish, they would choose to reward each one (45 ) ________, but if one fared much better at fishing, rewards would also be disproportionate.

50adaptationadaptation · adaptations · adaptationed · adaptationing变化、影响与机制7321.1%51.6
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句内核心义

适应

阅读功能

描述生物或社会系统为应对环境压力而做出的调整

自问

主体是否通过改变自身以匹配新环境?

搭配检查

adaptation strategy, adaptive capacity,强调生存策略

Confirmed2020 · 新高考3卷 · DOn Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean.

Confirmed2017 · 新高考3卷 · DThese include custom-made navigation (导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations.

Unresolved2017 · 江苏卷 · DOld Problem,New Approaches While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life,global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak.So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today,we would still face the challenge of adapting…

51abundantabundant · abundants · abundanted · abundanting科学、环境与技术5431.4%50.9
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句内核心义

丰富的;充裕的

阅读功能

修饰资源、多样性或数量的充足程度,常含正面评价

自问

该对象是否具备远超基本需求的数量或种类?

搭配检查

abundant resources, abundant diversity,强调富足

Confirmed2021 · 上海卷 · 未知This transformation is currently underway and its progress is inevitable.The urgency is created by individuals' current,difficult conditions and the availability of abundant,affordable energy,particularly coal.All new energy demand will come from the developi…

Confirmed2018 · 新高考3卷 · CMany visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.

Confirmed2018 · 浙江卷 · CThe road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.

52contemporarycontemporary · contemporaries · contemporaried · contemporarying论证、限定与立场4331.1%50.5
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句内核心义

当代的;现代的

阅读功能

限定时间范围在当前时代,区别于历史或未来

自问

该现象或观点是否属于当前社会背景下的产物?

搭配检查

contemporary issues, contemporary art,强调时效性

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知Contemporary artist Nick Smith creates pixelated (像素化的) works with hand placed colour﹣chips,synonymous with colour swatches (色块),cleverly combining text and image to create interesting and fascinating collaged (拼贴的) works.

Unresolved2021 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · AIn around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design.

Unresolved2019 · 新高考3卷 · B"Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down…

53evidentevident · evidents · evidented · evidenting论证、限定与立场4431.4%50.4
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句内核心义

明显的;显而易见的

阅读功能

标示事实或结论无需进一步证明即可被确认

自问

该情况是否已达到无需质疑的清晰程度?

搭配检查

evident from data, evident to all,强调确定性

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · AThrough the rich and colorful picture of their adventures, it became evident that their true strength was not in conquering the elements but in the unyielding bond they shared.

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · BThrough the rich and colorful picture of their adventures, it became evident that their true strength was not in conquering the elements but in the unyielding bond they shared.

Confirmed2022 · 上海卷 · 未知Nowhere is this more evident than in the United States, according to Iddo Wernick, a research scholar at the Rockefeller University, who has examined the nation's use of 100 main commodities.

54biodiversitybiodiversity科学、环境与技术7220.7%49.0
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句内核心义

生物多样性

阅读功能

概括生物圈内物种、遗传及生态系统的丰富程度

自问

此处是否指代生命形式的多样性及其稳定性?

搭配检查

biodiversity loss, high biodiversity,核心是多样

Confirmed2025 · 浙江卷 · CCompared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · DToday, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records.

55accessibleaccessible · accessibles · accessibled · accessibling系统、公共议题与组织5421.4%49.0
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句内核心义

可进入的;易获得的

阅读功能

描述资源、服务或信息对特定群体的可达性

自问

主体是否能无障碍地获取或使用该对象?

搭配检查

accessible to all, accessible information,强调公平性

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · ADate and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00 Start Point: Scratoes Bridge Walk Duration: 6 hours Walk 2 - Introduction to Hillwalking Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DShe writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.

Unresolved2017 · 北京卷 · BTOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲学)-and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.What's inside?

56ecologicalecological · ecologicals · ecologicaled · ecologicaling科学、环境与技术3331.1%48.9
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句内核心义

生态的

阅读功能

限定与自然系统、生物群落及其相互关系相关的属性

自问

该词是否描述环境要素间的相互作用?

搭配检查

ecological balance, ecological footprint,侧重自然关联

Unresolved2023 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · B“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.

Confirmed2021 · 北京卷 · CAmong the signatories(签署者) of the warning was Bob Johnson, the originator of the “ecological footprint” concept, which measures the total amount of environmental input needed to maintain a given lifestyle.

Confirmed2018 · 浙江卷 · CIn 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.zxx.k The cars…

57significancesignificance · significances · significanced · significancing论证、限定与立场3331.1%48.9
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句内核心义

意义;重要性

阅读功能

评估某事物在特定语境下的价值、影响或权重

自问

该对象是否对整体目标或逻辑链条具有关键作用?

搭配检查

significance of the study, social significance,强调价值

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · BWhen the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance - the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.

Unresolved2020 · 天津卷 · DYou will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.

Confirmed2017 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CUNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.

58transformationtransformation · transformations · transformationed · transformationing变化、影响与机制3331.1%48.9
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句内核心义

转变;变革

阅读功能

描述从一种状态到另一种状态的彻底改变过程

自问

此处是否指代性质、结构或模式的根本性变化?

搭配检查

transformation process, digital transformation,强调彻底性

Confirmed2021 · 上海卷 · 未知This transformation is currently underway and its progress is inevitable.The urgency is created by individuals' current,difficult conditions and the availability of abundant,affordable energy,particularly coal.All new energy demand will come from the developi…

Confirmed2018 · 北京卷 · DBut however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.

Confirmed2017 · 北京卷 · DOn September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-ind…

59mechanismmechanism · mechanisms · mechanismed · mechanisming证据、研究与结论4321.1%48.3
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句内核心义

机制

阅读功能

解释系统内部各要素如何相互作用以产生特定结果

自问

该词是否揭示了现象背后的运作原理或流程?

搭配检查

feedback mechanism, regulatory mechanism,侧重原理

Unresolved2024 · 北京卷 · DInstead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving.

Unresolved2024 · 浙江卷 · DWe are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value - a feeling of reward and satisfaction.

Confirmed2018 · 上海卷 · 未知In egalitarian forager societies, such as the Haillom, (53)_______ is an important leveling mechanism, (54) ________ asymmetries in wealth and increasing harmony.

60accommodateaccommodate · accommodates · accommodated · accommodating系统、公共议题与组织3331.1%47.7
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句内核心义

容纳;适应

阅读功能

描述调整自身以满足需求、限制或新条件的能力

自问

主体是否能灵活应对变化或承载额外负荷?

搭配检查

accommodate change, accommodate needs,强调灵活性

Unresolved2021 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · AHowever, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.

Unresolved2020 · 天津卷 · AYour library might be able to accommodate you.

Unresolved2017 · 上海卷 · AThe chalkboard occupies a central position in the room to accommodate whole-class study.

Phrase patterns

Read the relation, not each word

短语承担转折、因果、范围和证据关系。把它们作为一个结构块识别,能更快抓住段落骨架。

#PhraseModule次数篇章年份覆盖PriorityGuide
01as a result论证、限定与立场121274.3%84.6
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句内核心义

因此;结果

阅读功能

标示因果关系,连接前提与结论,强化逻辑推导

自问

前句是否为因,后句是否为必然或高概率的结果?

搭配检查

常接逗号或分号,用于总结上文或引出推论

Confirmed2024 · 北京卷 · 无As a result, the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of failures.

Unresolved2024 · 浙江卷 · CAs a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · BProgram evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.

02climate change科学、环境与技术131083.6%80.4
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句内核心义

气候变化

阅读功能

指代全球气温升高及极端天气频发的宏观环境问题

自问

该短语是否作为背景框架解释生态或社会危机?

搭配检查

常与mitigate, combat, caused by搭配,强调紧迫性

Confirmed2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · DBarcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.

Confirmed2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 4As climate change warms the region - melting(融化)surface snow and ice as well as the permafrost(永冻层)- there should be more surface water, forming larger lakes and even new ones.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · DHabitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S.

03long term变化、影响与机制7762.5%68.7
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句内核心义

长期

阅读功能

限定时间跨度,区分短期波动与持久趋势

自问

此处讨论的是即时反应还是深远影响?

搭配检查

long-term impact, long-term solution,侧重持续性

Confirmed2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · AOne long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air.

Confirmed2024 · 天津卷 · PASSAGE 1Our brains can form multiple long-term goals and ambitions.

Unresolved2022 · 天津卷 · AWriting down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.

04artificial intelligence科学、环境与技术7652.2%65.2
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句内核心义

人工智能

阅读功能

指代模拟人类智能的计算机系统及其社会应用

自问

该词是否涉及自动化决策、学习或感知技术?

搭配检查

常与ethics, development, risk搭配,关注双重影响

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DGiven the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.

Confirmed2023 · 浙江卷 · CAnd that's why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.

Confirmed2022 · 北京卷 · CBut using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals-and that the vast majority are not known.

05on the other hand论证、限定与立场5541.8%59.2
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句内核心义

另一方面

阅读功能

引入对立观点或补充信息,平衡论证结构

自问

前文是否提出一方观点,此处是否提供反方或补充视角?

搭配检查

常与on the one hand连用,构建对比框架

Confirmed2023 · 上海卷 · 未知” On the other hand, computers can't (53) ______ a diagnosis or a treatment to patients in a comforting way.

Unresolved2022 · 上海卷 · 未知Business innovation,like most business initiatives,has both benefits and risks.Organizations should recognize on the negative side that the business innovation process can be a costly undertaking that does not always produce a return on investment (ROI);that…

Unresolved2022 · 全国甲卷 · DIt's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving (解决).” On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.

06research shows证据、研究与结论6541.8%58.2
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句内核心义

研究表明

阅读功能

引用权威研究结果作为客观证据支撑论点

自问

该结论是否有实证数据或科学实验支持?

搭配检查

常接shows, indicate, suggest,强调可信度

Unresolved2025 · 北京卷 · DHis research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions.

Unresolved2023 · 上海卷 · CHowever, more recent research shows that although the brain reaches its maximum size between the ages of 12 and 14, brain development is not yet complete.

Unresolved2023 · 全国甲卷 · BSo, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to ma…

07decision making系统、公共议题与组织6531.8%57.3
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句内核心义

决策制定

阅读功能

描述在信息不全或压力下做出选择的过程与机制

自问

此处是否涉及权衡利弊、风险评估或最终拍板?

搭配检查

常与process, making, effective搭配,侧重过程

Confirmed2023 · 天津卷 · CIf TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CIf TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art.

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · DAlthough the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.

08health care系统、公共议题与组织14421.4%56.5
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句内核心义

医疗保健

阅读功能

指代疾病预防、诊断及治疗的公共服务体系

自问

该词是否涉及健康维护、治疗资源或政策?

搭配检查

常与access, reform, cost搭配,关注公平与效率

Unresolved2021 · 天津卷 · CYet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors (行业).

Confirmed2018 · 上海卷 · AWhile most of us have little control over those discussions, there is one health care topic that we can control;what we talk about with our doctor.

Confirmed2018 · 上海卷 · CWhile most of us have little control over those discussions, there is one health care topic that we can control;what we talk about with our doctor.

09author of the study证据、研究与结论4441.4%55.3
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句内核心义

研究作者

阅读功能

把前后信息组织成证据、因果、转折、让步、范围或研究对象关系。

自问

该观点是否源自特定研究团队或学者?

搭配检查

常接the study, the report,强调来源可靠性

Confirmed2024 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · D“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and…

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · DAnd for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.

Confirmed2019 · 浙江卷 · CMany factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.

10result in变化、影响与机制5441.4%54.5
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句内核心义

导致;引起

阅读功能

描述因果链条中的触发环节,连接原因与结果

自问

前句行为是否直接引发了后句状态?

搭配检查

result in failure, result in improvement,侧重后果

Confirmed2025 · 北京卷 · CComparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they c…

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CAccording to the author, using the approach mentioned in Paragraph 5 may result in ________.

Unresolved2022 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · AFailure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.

11in terms of论证、限定与立场6431.4%54.2
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句内核心义

就...而言

阅读功能

限定讨论范围或比较维度,聚焦特定方面

自问

此处是否仅针对某一方面进行论述而非整体?

搭配检查

in terms of efficiency, in terms of cost,界定边界

Confirmed2021 · 北京卷 · DEarly fifth-century philosopher St.Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him.Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it.Today's state-of-the-art atomic(原子的) clo…

Unresolved2021 · 天津卷 · CTech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod.

Confirmed2019 · 上海卷 · 未知It's about much cleverer design that offers much-needed flexibility in terms of operation,” said Tim Stone, long-term industry adviser and chairman of Nuclear risk Insurers, which insures nuclear sites in the UK.

12make the case论证、限定与立场3331.1%48.9
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句内核心义

提出论点

阅读功能

指代系统性地构建并辩护某种观点或立场

自问

主体是否在主动论证某一主张的合理性?

搭配检查

make the case for, make a strong case,强调说服力

Confirmed2023 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · CThe goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.

Confirmed2018 · 浙江卷 · BEyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Unresolved2017 · 江苏卷 · DMore ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere.A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria.Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping.But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly pro…

13take into account论证、限定与立场3331.1%47.7
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句内核心义

考虑到;顾及

阅读功能

提示在决策或分析中纳入特定因素或变量

自问

此处是否要求综合权衡多种条件而非单一因素?

搭配检查

take into account risks, take into account context,强调全面性

Confirmed2019 · 上海卷 · A“You're thinking, 'yeah but at what cost...'.” He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourists for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourist as a(n) _____52_____ that fails to take into accou…

Unresolved2018 · 浙江卷 · AThey must take into account the time of day - in rush hour, a longer route(路线) may be quicker - and describe the best way.

Confirmed2017 · 江苏卷 · CThe first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century.When considering a merger(兼并),for example,they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in.They now need to take into account the extent of firms'…

14in response to变化、影响与机制3321.1%45.5
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句内核心义

作为对...的回应

阅读功能

标示行为是对特定刺激、事件或政策的反应

自问

该动作是否由前文提到的外部因素直接触发?

搭配检查

in response to crisis, in response to policy,强调因果链

Confirmed2023 · 天津卷 · CThe part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful.

NeedsReview2023 · 天津卷 · CThe part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful.

Confirmed2021 · 新高考Ⅰ卷 · DSince the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

15risk of developing证据、研究与结论3220.7%44.2
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句内核心义

发展的风险

阅读功能

警示在追求进步过程中可能伴随的负面后果

自问

前后两部分究竟是什么关系?删掉这一结构后,作者的判断会变强、变弱还是失去方向?

搭配检查

risk of developing addiction, risk of developing resistance,侧重预警

Confirmed2023 · 上海卷 · 未知It can also (54) ______ quite precisely the risk of developing an actual cancer based on the size and shape of a nodule.

Confirmed2020 · 北京卷 · BHer monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems.

Reading functions

Six ways a passage moves

按阅读功能分组,比按字母顺序背词更接近做题时的真实任务:先判断作者在推进哪一种关系。

06

Mind & evaluation 认知、心理与评价

心智类词汇聚焦认知过程、心理状态及意识活动。如'cognitive'描述思维机制,'curiosity'驱动探索行为,'perception'反映主观解读。分析时需区分客观能力与主观感受,探究内在心理动因如何外化为具体行动或决策。

Priority 70.6 · 14项 · behavioral · attention · intelligence · imagination · psychological
05

Science & the world 科学、环境与技术

世界类词汇涉及宏观环境、生态议题及社会现实。如'ecosystem'界定生物群落,'emissions'量化污染指标,'sustainable'评估发展可行性。此类词常作为背景框架,用于界定问题发生的物理或社会边界条件。

Priority 66.2 · 13项 · environmental · technological · emissions · climate change · artificial intelligence
04

Systems & society 系统、公共议题与组织

系统类词汇解析结构、机制及相互依存关系。如'interaction'描绘要素联动,'regulation'说明控制规则,'integrate'体现融合过程。理解时需构建整体图景,分析局部行为如何受系统约束或反作用于整体效能。

Priority 66.0 · 12项 · interaction · organizational · responsibility · consumption · regulation
03

Change & consequence 变化、影响与机制

变化类词汇描述动态过程、结果或趋势演变。如'adapt'强调应对策略,'consequence'指向必然结局,'transformation'标志根本性质改变。识别重点在于厘清因果链条中的触发点与最终状态,区分渐进调整与突变式革新。

Priority 61.7 · 11项 · adapt · revolution · innovation · long term · consequence
02

Evidence & inquiry 证据、研究与结论

证据类词汇负责呈现事实、数据或研究结论以佐证论点。如'phenomenon'引入观察对象,'observation'描述具体发现,'research shows'直接引用权威来源。使用时需区分概括性陈述与具体实证,判断其是否构成不可辩驳的事实基础。

Priority 59.6 · 8项 · phenomenon · association · observation · research shows · author of the study
01

Argument & stance 论证、限定与立场

论证类词汇用于确立前提、推导结论或评估观点强度。如'fundamental'界定核心假设,'crucial'标示关键转折,'advocate'表达立场倾向。识别时需关注其是否作为逻辑支点支撑全文,或用于限定论断的适用范围与确定性程度。

Priority 58.3 · 17项 · as a result · fundamental · deliberately · interpretation · crucial
Close reading lab

Eight phrases worth slowing down for

这里不把例句当作背诵材料,而是示范优等生应如何从一句话中读出限定范围、证据动作、因果路径和评价力度。

W01 · Core2025 · 全国Ⅰ卷 · D

environmental

“In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes - then filtering it after it cools - could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.”

为什么值得读:作定语修饰全球议题或生态实体,界定问题发生的物理背景

Confirmed · 例证按年份倒序
W02 · Core2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · D

technological

“Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe's difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.”

为什么值得读:修饰创新手段或工具属性,暗示效率提升或范式转移

Confirmed · 例证按年份倒序
W03 · Core2024 · 北京卷 · D

interaction

“Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions.”

为什么值得读:描述系统内要素间的动态联系,揭示非线性的影响路径

Unresolved · 例证按年份倒序
W04 · Core2026 · 全国Ⅱ卷 · B

organizational

“He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright's remaining buildings.”

为什么值得读:界定社会单元的结构属性,暗示层级、规则或管理逻辑

Confirmed · 例证按年份倒序
W05 · Core2024 · 全国甲卷 · B

behavioral

“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch.”

为什么值得读:描述可观测的外在表现,关联内在动机与外部刺激

Unresolved · 例证按年份倒序
W06 · Core2024 · 全国甲卷 · B

attention

“If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.”

为什么值得读:作为认知资源被分配或争夺,决定信息处理的优先级

Unresolved · 例证按年份倒序
W07 · Core2024 · 新高考Ⅱ卷 · D

intelligence

“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.”

为什么值得读:概括处理信息、解决问题及适应环境的综合认知能力

Confirmed · 例证按年份倒序
W08 · Core2025 · 北京卷 · 无

imagination

“There's something magical about the way imagination works.”

为什么值得读:驱动创造性思维,构建非现实情境或未来可能性

Unresolved · 例证按年份倒序
How to turn this into score

One passage. Four checks.

高频词项与高语义负荷必须同时满足,方能支撑高阶阅读。单纯的高频仅反映熟悉度,无法区分核心概念与背景噪音;而高语义负荷则确保词汇在学术论证、社会议题或复杂叙事中承担关键逻辑功能。本批词项经严格筛选,旨在帮助优等生穿透表层信息,精准把握文本深层的因果链条、系统机制及价值判断,实现从‘读懂’到‘读透’的跨越。

本数据基于特定高阶篇章库统计,count与doc_count反映真实出现频次,complexity_proxy为透明筛选代理而非难度绝对值。使用本指南时,请忽略词典等级标签,聚焦词语在具体语境中的句内功能与搭配限制。避免将通用释义直接套用,需结合‘argument’、‘evidence’等模块属性,判断其在构建论点或呈现证据时的具体动作,以此提升解题的颗粒度与准确性。

  1. 01第一步:定位模块。根据上下文判断当前词汇属于argument(论证)、evidence(证据)还是systems(系统),明确其在段落中的功能角色。
  2. 02第二步:锁定搭配。提取该词前后的介词、动词或形容词,检查是否出现特定高频组合(如environmental impact, adapt to),以此验证语义边界。
  3. 03第三步:构建自问。针对该词提出一个‘为什么’或‘如何’的高阶问题,例如‘作者为何在此处使用crucial而非important?’,强制进行逻辑推演。
  4. 04第四步:对比辨析。若存在近义词(如innovation与invention),在文中寻找对比线索,分析作者选择当前词汇的精确意图与细微差别。
  5. 05第五步:句内重构。尝试用该词替换原文中的普通表达,或将其放入新的学术语境中造句,检验是否保持原有的逻辑张力与语义精度。